Port collecting and distributing network (PCDN), which connects ports and urban transport systems, is influenced by both the port freight transportation and urban passenger traffic. Ports are still important hubs in the logistic chain of transportation sector. IntroductionĪccording to the statistics of United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) 2016, 89.9% of the world trade volume is transported by vessels. The proposed method can be applied in similar cases and can help solve analogous complicated multistage problems. Finally, a real project in northern China is presented as a case study. Two simulation models are built to figure out the delay cost in the optimization model, which cannot be calculated by mathematical analysis due to complex vehicle travel patterns and irregular traffic volume caused by random events, such as the arrival pattern of ships’, natural conditions, and storage period of cargos. Therefore, a simulation-based dynamic programming (DP) model is proposed with the purpose of minimizing total cost in lifetime period by combining a DP model and two nested simulation models together.
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The main challenges are how to estimate the delay time and cope with high uncertainties in port network and PCDN. This paper addresses the best interchange scheduling multistage decision problem in PCDN at a network level. Due to the growing demand for port freight transportation, congestion in PCDN is becoming one of the inevitable problems that need to be solved. As one of the effective methods to reduce congestion, grade intersection has already been changed to interchange in port collecting and distributing network (PCDN) of many Chinese ports, since the first interchange was built in the PCDN of Dalian port in 1924.
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